From the Original Text
“Casting off.—Knit 2 stitches, * slip the first stitch over the second and off the needle, knit 1 stitch, repeat from *.”
— Thérèse de Dillmont, Encyclopedia of Needlework, 1886
Modern Step-by-Step Instructions
Casting off (binding off) is the essential finishing technique that secures the final row of stitches and prevents unraveling. This fundamental skill creates a finished edge that can be decorative, functional, or shaped depending on the application and tension used during the process.
What You’ll Need
- Knitting needles — Same size used for project
- Working yarn — Attached to current project
- Scissors — For cutting yarn after binding off
- Tapestry needle — For weaving in final end
- Consistent tension — Essential for even, flexible edge
How to Work the Casting Off
- Knit first 2 stitches of final row normally.
- Insert left needle into first stitch on right needle.
- Lift first stitch over second stitch and off needle.
- Knit next stitch from left needle normally.
- Repeat lifting process until only one stitch remains.
- Cut working yarn leaving 6-inch tail.
- Pull final tail through last stitch to secure.
- Weave in end using tapestry needle for clean finish.
Expert Tips for the Perfect Casting Off
- Keep consistent tension—not too tight or too loose
- Work bind-off stitches in pattern for ribbed edges
- Use larger needle for stretchy bind-offs on ribbing
- Practice on swatches to perfect tension and appearance
- Leave adequate yarn tail for weaving in securely
- Check edge flexibility to ensure proper drape
Traditional Uses
Casting off completed essential finishing work in Victorian knitting:
- Neckline finishing — Creating neat, stable collar edges
- Sleeve cuffs — Professional-looking wrist openings
- Garment hems — Finished bottom edges for sweaters and cardigans
- Shoulder seams — Preparing pieces for assembly
- Buttonhole bands — Stable edges for button placement
- Scarf ends — Finished edges preventing unraveling
- Project completion — Final step in all knitted items
Historical Note
Casting off represented the culmination of knitting projects and the mark of professional finishing in Victorian needlework. A poorly executed bind-off could ruin an otherwise beautifully knitted garment, making this technique crucial for accomplished needleworkers. De Dillmont’s systematic instructions reflect the era’s emphasis on proper technique and consistent results. The quality of cast-off edges was often judged as a measure of the knitter’s overall skill level, with even, flexible edges distinguishing expert work from amateur efforts. Victorian knitting required numerous cast-offs throughout garment construction—shoulders, necklines, armholes—making this technique essential for creating the fitted, shaped garments that fashion demanded. The ability to execute clean, professional bind-offs separated skilled knitters from beginners and ensured that handmade garments could compete with manufactured goods in appearance and durability.
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