From the Original Text
“Close shell stitch.—Work 5 or 6 treble into 1 loop, 1 single stitch into the next, miss 2 loops. This forms a shell pattern.”
— Thérèse de Dillmont, Encyclopedia of Needlework, 1886
Modern Step-by-Step Instructions
The close shell stitch creates beautiful scalloped patterns reminiscent of seashells through grouping multiple treble stitches together and separating them with single crochet anchors. This classic decorative technique produces flowing, rhythmic patterns perfect for borders, edgings, and all-over decorative fabrics.
What You’ll Need
- Medium-weight yarn — Shows shell definition most clearly
- Appropriate hook size — Size that creates even shell formation
- Pattern chart — Helpful for tracking shell placement and spacing
- Stitch markers — For marking shell centers and pattern repeats
- Even tension — Essential for uniform shell shapes
How to Work the Close Shell Stitch
- Work foundation chain with appropriate multiple for shell pattern.
- Skip designated stitches to position for first shell.
- Work 5-6 treble stitches into the same stitch or space.
- Skip specified stitches to create spacing between shells.
- Work single crochet for anchor point between shells.
- Continue pattern across row, maintaining consistent shell size and spacing.
- Turn and work next row following pattern for shell placement.
- Check alignment to ensure shells form proper scalloped pattern.
Expert Tips for the Perfect Close Shell Stitch
- Count shell stitches carefully to maintain uniform shell sizes
- Keep even tension throughout to prevent shells from curling or flattening
- Use stitch markers to track shell centers for consistent placement
- Practice on swatches to perfect shell formation before starting projects
- Consider the drape effect—shell patterns create naturally flowing fabric
- Block finished pieces to enhance the scalloped shell shapes
Traditional Uses
Close shell stitch created elegant, flowing effects in Victorian needlework:
- Decorative edgings — Beautiful borders for linens and garments
- Shawl patterns — Flowing designs perfect for lightweight wraps
- Baby items — Gentle, soft patterns suitable for infant clothing
- Table linens — Elegant patterns for doilies and table runners
- Summer blouses — Airy, decorative fabric for warm-weather garments
- Curtain panels — Decorative window treatments with flowing patterns
- Wedding accessories — Romantic patterns for special occasion items
Historical Note
The close shell stitch represents Victorian crochet’s move toward naturalistic and organic design motifs, reflecting the era’s fascination with natural forms and their adaptation to decorative arts. The shell pattern’s flowing, scalloped appearance aligned with the romantic aesthetic that valued curves and natural rhythms over rigid geometric forms. De Dillmont’s documentation of shell techniques shows how crochet developed beyond purely structural applications to embrace decorative and artistic possibilities. The technique’s popularity in baby items and feminine garments reflects Victorian associations between shell patterns and gentleness, purity, and natural beauty. This stitch demonstrated how simple grouping techniques could create sophisticated decorative effects that elevated everyday needlework to the level of fine decorative arts.
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